|
| Pronunciation |
|
(klye
oh KWIN
ole) |

|
|
| U.S. Brand
Names |
|
| Vioform®[OTC] |

|
|
| Generic
Available |
|
|
Yes: Cream |

|
|
| Synonyms |
|
|
Iodochlorhydroxyquin |

|
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
|
Antifungal Agent, Topical |

|
|
| Use |
|
|
Topically in the treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and skin infections
caused by dermatophytic fungi (ringworm) |

|
|
| Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
|
C |

|
|
| Contraindications |
|
|
Not effective in the treatment of scalp or nail fungal infections; children
<2 years of age, hypersensitivity to any component |

|
|
| Warnings/Precautions |
|
|
May irritate sensitized skin; topical application poses a potential risk of
toxicity to infants and children; known to cause serious and irreversible optic
atrophy and peripheral neuropathy with muscular weakness, sensory loss, spastic
paraparesis, and blindness; use with caution in patients with iodine
intolerance |

|
|
| Adverse
Reactions |
|
|
1% to 10%:
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Peripheral neuropathy
Ocular: Optic atrophy |

|
|
| Drug
Interactions |
|
|
No data reported |

|
|
| Mechanism of
Action |
|
|
Chelates bacterial surface and trace metals needed for bacterial
growth |

|
|
| Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
|
Absorption: With an occlusive dressing, up to 40% of dose can be absorbed
systemically during a 12-hour period; absorption is enhanced when applied under
diapers
Half-life: 11-14 hours
Elimination: Conjugated and excreted in urine |

|
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
|
Children and Adults: Topical: Apply 2-3 times/day; do not use for longer than
7 days |

|
|
| Test
Interactions |
|
|
Thyroid function tests (decreased 131I uptake); false-positive
ferric chloride test for phenylketonuria |

|
|
| Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
|
None reported |

|
|
| Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
|
May interfere with thyroid function tests |

|
|
| Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
|
No information available to require special precautions |

|
|
| Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
|
No effects or complications reported |

|
|
| Patient
Information |
|
|
Cleanse affected area before application; can stain skin and fabrics; for
external use only; avoid contact with eyes and mucous
membranes |

|
|
| Nursing
Implications |
|
|
Watch affected area for increased irritation |

|
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
|
Cream: 3% (30 g)
Ointment, topical: 3% (30 g) |

|
|
| References |
|
|
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs,
"Clioquinol (Iodochlorhydroxyquin, Vioform®) and
Iodoquinol (Diiodohydroxyquin): Blindness and Neuropathy," Pediatrics,
1990, 86(5):797-8. |

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